The prons and cons of using computer to work Essay

The prons and cons of utilizing PC to work - Essay Example In any case, PC as an innovation is blamed by the unimportant certainty that the utilization is naturally destructive showing the waste delivered by the proceeded with utilization of the machines. In addition, the utilization of PCs has progressed from the past thought of the contraption being sumptuous into a need that powers the world to depend continually on their accessibility. The utilization of this device has expanded the need to buy the instrument since it gives the client more highlights that they cause the people to do an epic measure of work in the style they need the machines to accomplish the work. The way that the PCs do as the client orders gives the gadget a high ground in the useful administration of work, business among different employments. The PCs have demonstrated a day by day use fringe, which has its own points of interest (Wenglinsky, 2005). While utilizing the PC may have its cons, the perquisites it accompanies outperform the detriments that might be utiliz ing one. The PC is a learning instrument in the general public where the utilization has changed the homeroom as far as exploration and work in the cutting edge schools. The utilization of the PCs has diminished the utilization of administrative work meaning the decreased measures of desk work in the study hall and staffrooms. Much of the time, the work done on the machines is put away inside giving better stockpiling of the class fill in when contrasted with the old ways where the work done was truly defenseless against the characteristic laws (Richardson et al, 2005). Besides, the accommodation the work has found in this mechanically propelling world is another for what shows itself in the working framework. The PC can interface the representative to the work required without the laborer being there. This has improved the work travel execution making it savvy to need to work from the point one is arranged saving money on the expenses of movement (Cornick, 2006). In addition, telephone calls can be made on pressing explanations associating a few colleagues rather than them voyaging and meeting at a main issue. The utilization of PCs has made conceivable to the agents going about as the essential issue of correspondence backing off the business forms. As opposed to the inconvenience included is the possibility of pantomime that can occur with the trend setting innovation in the market giving the utilization of these helpful a hazard joined to the expedient association and business exchange (Saunders, 2000). Individuals can mimic others and perform false acts to business parties without the gatherings seeing in a moment. The old way so doing what needs to be done didn't permit the fake scenes that were phenomenal since the individuals would meet genuinely. Notwithstanding, the utilizations old strategies are don't ensure wellbeing since they had minutes where the floats would even now occur. This implies the nearness of the plans will never end as long as cash is include d. The utilization of PCs represents a ton of potential outcomes and favorable circumstances. In any case, to get these one needs to buy the contraption first to acquire these benefits. The responsibility for accommodation costs one to offer cash to acquire the necessary programming and equipment to empower the necessary working of the PC framework (Richardson et al, 2005). For any individual who needs better execution from the PCs, the need accompanies the expenses to move up to the level they have to reach with the PCs. This con is covered up and frequently nobody appears to express its quality. In any case, the acquisition of a PC might be costly at first yet when the device begins to convey its obligations the profits are more than the sum spent on the buy making it more practical to execute the utilization as opposed to stay away from on the grounds that

Conflict Is an Ever-Present and Ongoing Aspect of People’s Lives Essay

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Trucks Load Indicator also known by Electronic load indicator or Axle Research Paper

Trucks Load Indicator additionally known by Electronic burden marker or Axle load Indicator - Research Paper Example What's more, it is hence that few truck organizations like Volvo, have grasped the utilization of pivot load markers in the trucks made by their organizations. The individuals who have been presented to trucks will verify the way that they have axles. The quantity of the axles, be that as it may, fluctuates relying upon the truck with some of them having two axles while some have near twelve axles. Additional time different partners understood that there were a few occurrences where the axles introduced inside the trucks were over-burden, and this consistently went about as a weakness for the truck (Butcher, 2005). To control the issue of loads, the partners, concocted the pivot load marker and from that point forward the first form has been modified with the point of improving it. It is with this impact a few organizations that produce pivot load markers like Airtec Corporation produce hub load pointers with optic switches. A portion of the organizations likewise produce pivot load pointers, which contain rheostats rather than the typical electric switches. History, in any case, doesn't make reference to the specific person who concocted t he pivot load marker. Subsequently, there is the need to welcome the individual since his creation has made taking care of the trailers much straightforward. For the pivot load pointer to be operational, it must be introduced. It is broad to perceive the way that the creation organizations have planned the hub load markers so that any capable administrator can do the establishment (ARO, 2011). For guarantee reasons, notwithstanding, there are sellers who manage the establishment of the hub load pointers. The organizations that do the creation can also benefit their designers to do the establishment however at an expense. The establishment, be that as it may, should be possible through interfacing the hub load marker to the light circuit of the truck. Operationally, the truckload marker enlists a few alignments

Assignments Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assignments - Assignment Example Pellian government has the full rights to dispossess oil since they watch natural discussion. The legislature doesn't permit spilling of harmful synthetic substances to the towns. They assume their job as citizen’s guard dog. The proper degree of pay Pellian government brings to the table ought to surpass the benefit earned in that monetary year. BIT decides express that, a firm should pay right away. The legislature brings to the table AmeriGas promptly at the day of confiscation. This is as per the universal laws. BIT rules shield other minor oil partnerships from abuse from the significant oil firms. A pay covering benefits and capital is the best model to clear seizure. Under the reciprocal bargain; Pellian government offered $65 million in pay to AmeriGasCo. This was an impression of the benefits earned (Sands 372). The charge forced upon chip fabricating activity isn't steady with the treatment commitments under BIT. The charge is not exactly the honest assessment. Two-sided bargain advocates for sensible rate expenses that could coordinate the economy, from the date of seizure. Firms burn through cash on microchips, which is against the states of

The globalisation of trade Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The globalization of exchange - Literature audit Example For instance, Starbuck was one American organization which had coffeehouses for all intents and purposes in each side of America before the presentation of globalization. Since their tasks were soaked in America, they battled a great deal to discover enough space in America for development. Globalization helped them to extend their tasks to abroad nations. In short globalization helped universal or multifaceted exchange to build a ton. Globalization of exchange brought numerous chances and difficulties. A few people contend that global exchange helped nations to pull in progressively outside direct ventures so their economy began develop quickly. They refer to India and China like nations as guides to show how well a nation can use globalization openings. Indeed China restricted the â€Å"global financial request, political request and the major worldwide establishments, for example, the IMF and the World Bank before the changes began in China† (Overholt, 2005, p.3). Be that a s it may, they immediately understood the conceivable outcomes of worldwide exchange and globalization. It ought to be noticed that these two most intensely populated nations on the planet have been battling for development before the presentation of globalization. Their enormous populace size was a revile or boundary before their battle for development. Be that as it may, globalization helped these nations to change over this populace obstruction into a gift. At the end of the day, these nations are right now the suppliers of labor for worldwide market where labor lack is a major issue. â€Å"During 1997â€2005, China’s normal yearly development rate in genuine GDP was 8.9%. During the estimate time of 2005â€2010, it was expected that the PRC proceeded with its authentic development pattern of 8.9% per year† (Mai et al, 2010, p.5). In addition, â€Å"the PRC’s trades increment by about 46%and imports by about 45% comparative with their particular pattern levels in 2010†(Mai et al, 2010, p.7). As indicated by Albert Keidel (2008), China’s economy will outperform that of the United States by 2035 and be twice its size by midcentury (Keidel, 2008). Indian economy likewise demonstrated comparable patterns during the most recent couple of decades because of globalization of exchange. The globalization of exchange has guaranteed the spot of worldwide. It has been recommended that the job of such firms is to produce riches, make work and increase the expectation of living in the nations wherein they work. In any case, pundits of globalization propose that worldwide organizations frequently misuse physical assets and exploit work in nations where legitimate prerequisites might be less rigid than in their own nations. This paper fundamentally examines this announcement giving contentions to and against the globalization of exchange, accepting India and China as significant models. Review of monetary development in India and Chin a It is frequently said that worldwide riches is right now moving from the less intensely populated American and European locales to the more vigorously populated Asian district in view of globalization. The above contention is by all accounts right when one would consider the financial statuses of India and China before the presentation of globalization. The way of life and per capita salary of Indians and Chinese individuals have expanded a great deal in the previous hardly any decades. In addition, joblessness issues in these nations were descended a great deal in the ongoing past. It ought to be noticed that universal

US History Essay Samples

US History Essay SamplesThe essays you wrote in your US History class on African American political participation have now reached the teachers and their advisors. The exams will most likely be harder than they need to be because of the demographics of the students. If you are one of the teachers, take a look at these popular US History essay samples.It is best to base your essay on the US History sources where the writer has the most experience. You can find a lot of writings on this topic from professional historians. Most professionals consider this topic one of the best. It is also considered one of the most challenging to write on. You may find that your student can use the information on this topic effectively in his or her essay.Instead of writing an essay about the lives of slaves, try looking at how the establishment of slavery in the United States impacted the lives of African Americans in the 17th and 18th centuries. What did the slaves do with their earnings? Did they own property or work for a master? Did they rely on their fellow slaves? Is there a link between slavery and civil rights?Another idea is to write an essay about African American political participation in the 1800s. What were the decisions and problems that brought about the United States? What are the influences of slavery in the United States? Does the US Constitution contain any precedents that could affect the issues you raised? Are there contemporary historical figures that had a significant influence on how the US was founded?Another great idea for a US History essay sample is to turn your writing towards something more recent. Are there modern U.S. citizens who are being targeted for crimes because of their skin color? If so, do you think such legislation would be possible without the help of the Voting Rights Act?It is important that your essay reflects what students find interesting about US History. They are the people who are reading the essays. They want to know what lies behind the scenes and what is really happening in the United States. If you are too academic, your essay will seem forced and if you are too spontaneous, it might be insulting to students.US History is not easy to write about but it is a topic that should not be forgotten. It should be made more interesting to students.

The Prince presents a picture of political realism - Free Essay Example

Niccol de Bernardo de Machiavelli 1469-1527 Born and died in Florence, was a thinker and political philosopher of Italy during the Renaissance. Machiavelli was born to a lawyer, Bernardo de Nicola Machiavelli, and Bartolome di Stefano Nili, who were descendants of an ancient Tuscan family. His father was a nobleman Machiavelli was a broad educator, but he showed a sharp intelligence. At first, he was followed by the Italian politician and politician Girolamo Savonarola, who was named the servant of the Lord. Savonarola addressed young Italians to hold on to virtue, but Machiavelli He was a political man who sought to separate religion from power by making Florence a republic. His life could be divided into three parts, which represented an important era in the history of Florence. In his youth, he developed Florences prosperity and greatness as an Italian power under Lorenzo de And the fall of the Medici family in 1494, when Machiavelli entered the public service, during which Florence was liberated and became under the rule of the Republic, which lasted in 1512, when the Medici regained power, but when it returned to power, Machiavelli was accused of conspiracy and imprisonment, He chose the life of the living A slip in the countryside where many books, most notably the book of the Prince, were ruled and ruled by the Medici until 1527, when they were evacuated f rom the city on 22 June again, and then the period that resulted from Machiavellis activities and his works, but he died, at the age of about fifty-eight Before taking office in power. Mikyavili has played an important role in the development of political thought. He has established a new approach to politics, with the promise of attempts to transcend religious thought, a turning point to overcome the religious authority that prevailed in European political thought in the Middle Ages. Mikafili was thus an important turning point in the history of thought. The reason for my interest was that he was the main character and founder of the real political theorization, which later became the mainstay of political science studies. He was the author of the book of the prince, which was the goal of Machiavellis goal to write instructions to the rulers of the world. What is useful is harmful And was an early image of utilitarianism and political realism. Nicolas Machiavelli was not just a writer, philosopher or theoretician. He was a strong participant in the turbulent and unstable political life of Florence in his lifetime. They established a tyrannical rule, but preserved the old republican regimes, while they were firmly in power. The Machiavelli family was not loyal to the Medici family, and the father of Nicola Machiavelli was a well-known lawyer, a leading proponent of the republic. As for Machiavellis life as a young man, Educate the culture of children of medicine Of the usual medium of his time in the history of the Romans recited and Latin translations of the various mothers of the ancient Greek books, she has been caught in the era of the Prince Mdechi called the name of the people of Florence Great Lorenzo. His reign was considered a golden age for Italian Renaissance. Machiavelli was adopted during his lifetime after being exiled from his city after being invaded and elected as secretary of the Second Counselor of the Republic of Florence, overseeing foreign affairs and military affairs. Machiavelli continued to rule for thirteen years. In his rural exile, he spent a small income from his property, The Suburbs. He would wake up early and go out into the forest, talking to the woodcutters and exchanging rumors and rumors. Then he would go to one of the hills alone, and there he would read Dante, Chirac or Tapulous or Afid. After a light lunch he would go to the bar and talk to the miller, They play cards and dice and fight for a few dirhams. When evening comes, he returns home and changes his rural clothes, which are usually hit by dirt and dirt during his tour. He wears court clothes and carpets to be with his loved ones and enters his private library. During that time he recorded notes in a small book he called The Prince. McAfees community is evolving on natural causes. The driving forces of history are the material interest and power. He has observed the conflict of interests between the masses and the ruling classes. McAfee called for the creation of a free national state of feudal conflicts, capable of suppressing popular unrest, The means of political conflict. The end justifies the means justified the cruelty and brutality of the rulers struggle for power, and Machiavellis historical importance was that he was one of the first to see the state with a human eye and devised its laws from reason and experience rather than theology. Many of the hammers on the political life of the Roman Republic of Florence and several states, through which he excelled in explaining other views, on all the Machiavelli, which researchers view as misrepresenting Machiavelli and his ideas, It is fitting to say that Machiavelli acquires the qualities of Machiavelli rather than Machiavellian. The Princes book was not publ ished until five years after Machiavellis death, and so some did not understand and attacked it. Until his name became M The first to attack Machiavelli was Cardinal Paul, which led to the prohibition of reading the Princes book and disseminating his ideas, as well as criticizing Gantier in the vast volume of Machiavellis ideas. Rome wrote his book in 1559 within the forbidden books and burned every copy of it. The light of the Renaissance Throughout Europe, Machiavelli appeared to defend and translate his books. Machiavelli did not reach his mind until the 18th century when Jean-Jacques Rousseau praised him and his sister. Hegel saw genius. Machiavelli was one of the pillars of the Enlightenment in Europe. Through a careful reading of some pages in the Princes book. We are aware of the great role played by Michaveli, which was a synthesis of the efforts of enlightened intellectuals and thinkers in society. It was the first building blocks of the development of political thought, but of the development of the concept of the state. He had to rely on his temporal power to preserve the state, where Machiavelli was based on Aristotles thought. The state always came first and proclaimed its vision for that stage without fear of the Church. Although he was religious but not power Ecclesiastical place in the mind of Micaveli and faced because of that hostile hostility But the goal was achieved in the end, and was an open door to move forward in the concept of state, that is the main point in European political history, has succeeded the political philosophical mind to get the clergy from the political process to develop the concept of state, This was the great entrance in Europe, the turning p oint for the transgression of religious authority in European political thought in the Middle Ages, and through this bright passage in the history of Europe, we may be able to understand the causes of the fall of states in the history of the Arabs in the Middle Ages. Back to the embrace of the clergy in Tire m In short, the Machiavelli experience paved the way for the rest of human development in the concept of state in history. The task was completed by the symbols of the following stages: Voltaire, Montesquieu, John Locke, and Wagon Jacques Rousseau and other liberal Enlightenment thinkers, but McAfee forever remains an important turning point in the history of political thought in the world. The end justifies the means one of the most famous sentences that are often traded and give me the impression of opportunism and selfishness, but there are generations do not know Machiavelli only this sentence, and considered him a bad opportunistic person only on the basis of a prior impression is only that Makaveli, who was considered a political figure And philosophical importance in the Republic of Florence. Although McAfee did not complete his education but succeeded in being the true founder of political science, writing poetry, carnival songs and comedy were the most important areas in which the founder of modern political science wrote. Although the jewel of the contract is the book of the Prince, who became a reference to the rulers everywhere in the world since the issuance of the Princes book and to this day is one of the most famous books in politics. Some consider that Machiavelli in his book seemed to show great support for the satanic and immoral behavior of the ruler s. While the other two consider that the book presents a picture of political realism and the separation of politics from religion, to establish the political idea possible or can be implemented on the ground without illusions or religious or moral considerations, was educated man if not received a certificate or complete his studies, where he studied Latin Grammar and syntax, but it is surprising that he did not learn Greek at a time when Florence was a center of Greek scholarship. References Niccollo Machiavelli. (n.d.). From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol_Machiavelli. Machiavellianism. (n.d.). From Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiavellianism.

5 Examples of Institutional Racism in the United States

5 Examples of Institutional Racism in the United States

World War I - Battle of Caporetto on the Italian Front

The Battle of Caporetto was fought from October 24 to November 19, 1917, during World War I (1914-1918). Armies and Commanders Italians General Luigi CadornaGeneral Luigi Capello15 divisions, 2213 guns Central Powers General Otto von BelowGeneral Svetozar Boroevic25 divisions, 2,200 guns Battle of Caporetto Background With the conclusion of the Eleventh Battle of Isonzo in September 1917, Austro-Hungarian forces were nearing the point of collapse in the area around Gorizia. Faced with this crisis, Emperor Charles I sought aid from his German allies. Though the Germans felt that the war would be won on the Western Front, they agreed to provide troops and support for a limited offensive designed to throw the Italians back across the Isonzo River and, if possible, past the Tagliamento River. For this purpose, the composite Austro-German Fourteenth Army was formed under the command of General Otto von Below. Preparations In September, the Italian commander-in-chief General Luigi Cadorna became aware that an enemy offensive was in the offing. As a result, he ordered the commanders of the Second and Third Armies, Generals Luigi Capello and Emmanuel Philibert, to begin preparing defenses in-depth to meet any attack. Having issued these orders, Cadorna failed to see that they were obeyed and instead began an inspection tour of other fronts which lasted until October 19. On the Second Army front, Capello did little as he preferred to plan for an offensive in the Tolmino area. Further weakening Cadornas situation was an insistence on keeping the bulk of the two armies troops on the east bank of the Isonzo despite the fact that the enemy still held crossings to the north. As a result, these troops were in prime position to be cut off by an Austro-German attack down the Isonzo Valley. In addition, the Italian reserves on the west bank were placed too far to the rear to rapidly aid the front lines. For the upcoming offensive, Below intended to launch the main assault with the Fourteenth Army from a salient near Tolmino. This was to be supported by secondary attacks to the north and south, as well as by an offensive near the coast by General Svetozar Boroevics Second Army. The assault was to be preceded by a heavy artillery bombardment as well as the use of poison gas and smoke. Also, Below intended to employ a substantial number of stormtroopers, which were to use infiltration tactics to pierce the Italian lines. With planning complete, Below began shifting his troops into place. This done, the offensive commenced with the opening bombardment  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  which began before dawn on October 24. The Italians Routed Caught by complete surprise, Capellos men suffered badly from the shelling and gas attacks. Advancing between Tolmino and Plezzo, Belows troops were able to quickly shatter the Italian lines and began driving west. Bypassing Italian strong points, the Fourteenth Army advanced over 15 miles by nightfall. Surrounded and isolated, the Italian posts in its rear were reduced in the coming days. Elsewhere, the Italian lines held and were able to turn back Belows secondary attacks, while the Third Army held Boroevic in check Despite these minor successes, Belows advance threatened the flanks of the Italian troops to the north and south. Alerted to the enemy breakthrough, Italian morale elsewhere on the front began to plummet. Though Capello recommended a withdrawal to the Tagliamento on the 24th, Cadorna refused and worked to rescue the situation. It was not until a few days later, with Italian troops in full retreat, that Cadorna was forced to accept that a movement to the Tagliamento was inevitable. At this point, vital time had been lost and Austro-Germans forces were in close pursuit. On October 30, Cadorna ordered his men to cross the river and establish a new defensive line. This effort took four days and was quickly thwarted when German troops established a bridgehead over the river on November 2. By this point, the stunning success of Belows offensive began to hinder operations as the Austro-German supply lines were unable to keep up with the speed of the advance. With the enemy slowing, Cadorna ordered a further retreat to the Piave River on November 4. Though many Italian troops had been captured in the fighting, the bulk of his troops from the Isonzo region were able to form a strong line behind the river by November 10. A deep, wide river, the Piave finally brought the Austro-German advance to an end. Lacking the supplies or equipment for an attack across the river, they elected to dig in. Aftermath The fighting at the Battle of Caporetto cost the Italians around 10,000 killed, 20,000 wounded, and 275,000 captured. Austro-German casualties numbered around 20,000. One of the few clear victories of World War I, Caporetto saw the Austro-German forces advance around 80 miles and reach a position from which they could strike at Venice. In the wake of the defeat, Cadorna was removed as chief of staff and replaced with General Armando Diaz. With their allys forces badly wounded, the British and French sent five and six divisions, respectively, to bolster the Piave River line. Austro-German attempts to cross the Piave that fall were turned back as were attacks against Monte Grappa. Though a massive defeat, Caporetto rallied the Italian nation behind the war effort. Within a few months, the losses of material had been replaced and the army quickly recovered its strength through the winter of 1917/1918. Sources Duffy, Michael. The Battle of Caporetto, 1917. Battles, First World War, August 22, 2009. Rickard, J. Battle of Caporetto, 24 October - 12 November 1917 (Italy). History of War, March 4, 2001.

Comparing Marlow of Heart of Darkness and Willard of...

Comparing Marlow of Heart of Darkness and Willard of Apocalypse Now Whenever books are adapted for film, changes inevitably have to be made. The medium of film offers several advantages and disadvantages over the book: it is not as adept at exploring the inner workings of people - it cannot explore their minds so easily; however, the added visual and audio capabilities of film open whole new areas of the imagination which, in the hands of a competent writer-director, can more than compensate. Heart of Darkness relies heavily on lengthy philosophical and expository passages, as well as some very unusual and complex imagery; â€Å"not the easiest material to rewrite as a screenplay† (Canby, 18). However, rewrite it Francis Ford†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Coppola elected to change the character, the only similarity between the two being that they are both normal people amongst lunatics, and are both outsiders - Marlow never fits in with the corrupt and immoral Company, and Willard does not play by the usual army rules (both characters are uncannily similar to Kurtz in that respect). The similarities end there. Willard lacks the depth of thought that Marlow has; Willard does not digress into lengthy ethical debates, or philosophize. Also, he does not use imagery of any sort - the strong, red-eyed devils and the flabby, weak-eyed devils from the book are not mentioned (if Willard were Marlow, he would have admonished the army leaders in Saigon for being flabby devils, for example), nor does he have any of the fascination with shoes and other arbitrary objects and ideas that Marlow seems to. Willard also has no qualms whatsoever about killing, whether it be innocents (the girl on the trading boat) or Kurtz himself; in the book, Marlow had an abhorrence towards killing. These are mostly unavoidable differences, due to the different settings. Marlow is an imaginative pilot who wishes to explore the Congo, having had a fascination with the many blank spaces on the earth†¢ from childhood; Willard is a soldier through and through and does not have time to moralize. Were these changes not present, then Apocalypse Now would have been horribly off-balanced,Show MoreRelatedParallels Between Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now1871 Words   |  8 PagesVarious parallels can be drawn when comparing and contrasting Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and Frank Coppolas Apocalypse Now, while taking into consideration Heart of Darkness is a novella and Apocalypse Now is a film. These differences and similarities can be seen in themes, characters, events and other small snippets of information including anything from quoted lines to strange actions of the main characters. Both pieces follow the same story line but they are presented in differentRead MoreEssay on heart of darkness1844 Words   |  8 Pages Various parallels can be drawn when comparing and contrasting Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness and Frank Coppolas quot;Apocalypse Nowquot;, while taking into consideration Heart of Darkness is a novella and quot;Apocalypse Nowquot; is a film. These di fferences and similarities can be seen in themes, characters, events and other small snippets of information including anything from quoted lines to strange actions of the main characters. Both pieces follow the same story line but they are presentedRead MoreComparative Essay1096 Words   |  5 Pagesanalysis: â€Å"Heart of Darkness† â€Å"Apocalypse Now† Student: Mora Vandenbroele Teacher: Azucena Estigarribia Year: 11th â€Å"A† â€Å"Heart of Darkness† vs. â€Å"Apocalypse Now† It is very interesting how humans are so intrigued about the evilness in the world, and the dedication of some men to compare Hell with the Earthly horror. Joseph Conrad, a genius writer, took his time to show this with his masterpiece â€Å"Heart of Darkness† that wasRead MoreComparing and Contrasting Marlow/Willard and Kurtz979 Words   |  4 PagesComparing and Contrasting Marlow/Willard and Kurtz Inherent inside every human soul is a savage evil side that remains repressed by society. History is loaded with examples of atrocities that have occurred when one culture comes into contact with another. Whenever fundamentally different cultures meet, there is often a fear of contamination and loss of self that leads one to discover more about one s true self, often causing perceived madness. Heart of Darkness, a novel written by Joseph ConradRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1164 Words   |  5 PagesAs Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness eludes to the inverse interpretation of colors as a motif, Francis Ford Coppola’s Apocalypse Now not only mimics but also portrays through the Vietnam War, the contrasting misguided crusades of enlightenment that the supreme race forces upon savages. The reversed meanings amongst the colors and entangled description in Heart of Darkness shows how backwards civilization is through the need to enlighten or civilize the natives is flamboyantly flaunted in both the

Difference Between Enlightenment and Romanticism free essay sample

Difference Between Enlightenment and Romanticism Enlightenment and Romanticism are two aspects of literature in which the thinkers contributed according to their school of thought. Writers that contributed to romanticism are called as romantics. On the other hand, writers that contributed to enlightenment are called as enlightenment thinkers. Romantics gave more importance to intense emotion in their works. On the other hand, the enlightenment thinkers did not give that much importance to intense emotion in their works. Instead, they valued tradition the more. This is a significant difference between enlightenment and romanticism. As a matter of fact, you can see that romanticism is laden with works wherein characteristics were overdone. On the other hand, enlightenment thinkers never overdid the characteristics. This is another key difference between enlightenment and romanticism. One of the most prominent differences between the two schools of thought is that while enlightenment thinkers showed more importance and concern towards reason in their writings and speeches, the romanticism thinkers showed a lot of concern and significance to imagination. We will write a custom essay sample on Difference Between Enlightenment and Romanticism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It can be said that romantics valued imagination more than anything else did, and hence they depended more on enjoyment in their works. During the age of Enlightenment, the philosophes believed that reason could be used to explain everything. The philosophes believed that people could make the world a better place to live in. Voltaire is against such optimism. Ian Bell Says The optimist argument then, was complex and sophisticated, but like all ironists Voltaire chose to simplify it to the extent that it seemed complacent and absurd, and he went on to cast doubt on our chances of ever securing eternal happiness'(1-2). According to Voltaire true happiness can only be experienced in an unreal world. The multitudes of disasters that Candide endures after leaving Eldorado culminate in his eventual abandonment of optimism. Candide loses four of his sheep laden with priceless jewels due to natural causes, and then sees his two remaining sheep stolen, and the local magistrate indifferent to the theft. Certainly, [says Candide,] if everything goes well, it is in Eldorado and not in the rest of the world (42). Candide goes a step further, Oh Pangloss, cried Candide, you have no notion of these abominations! Im through, I must give up your optimism after all. Whats optimism? said Cacambo. Alas, said Candide, it is a mania for saying things are well when one is in hell (40). Candides enthusiastic view of life is contrasted with, and challenged by suffering that he endures throughout the book. Hence, Voltaire uses the book to satirize the foolishness of optimism. Voltaire also satirizes religion. According to him the extremely pious and the clergy are willing to turn their back on their fellow man, but those who have not even been baptized are willing to lend a helping hand. Candide, shortly after the battle, asks many religious individuals for alms, but they all, including one who had just lectured on charity, refused to aid him. Finally Jacques the Anabaptist takes pity on his fellow human, a featherless biped possessing a soul (6). Voltaire attacks not only the blanket optimism of Dr. Pangloss, but also the religious notion of providence, the idea that there is a divine will guiding earthly events. The fact that good and bad alike suffer and die seems to be evidence that God is not in charge. Voltaire believed that God had abandoned the world. Robert Adams adds, Perhaps Voltaire, like many other unbelievers, especially those with Jesuit training, continued to respect the logic of the church in which he no longer believed (183). The hypocrisy of religion, especially that of the Roman Catholic Church, is recurrent in Candide. Underlying the satire of religious practices is Voltaires outrage at all forms of fanaticism and intolerance. Voltaire claims that religious leaders blame the fall of man [as the system] we put on all these individual maladies. Voltaire adds, it is clear that the system undermines the very foundations of the Christian religion, and explains nothing at all (88) O. Wade says Voltaire destroys the philosophy of optimism by graphically describing the tragic miseries of humanity: Candide offers us the saddest themes disguised under the merriest of jokes, the joking being of that philosophical variety which is peculiar to M. de Voltaire, [ ] he makes the all is well system, upheld by so many philosophers, look completely ridiculous (146). Despite attacking the optimists, Voltaire offers no solution to the problems. Wade writes Voltaires attitude towards optimism is difficult to trace because of the ambiguity of his position (150) According to Voltaire, we must cultivate our gardens, its the only way of rendering life bearable (75). He says since true happiness is hard to find, hard work is the only way one can live in contentment. Voltaire makes Candide an interesting and entertaining book, but also uses it to ridicules the optimism of the enlightenment. Otherwise, William Blake is a romantic poet. The sparks of romanticism are vividly marked on his poetry. The question arises what is Romanticism? The answer is that it is a phenomenon characterized by reliance on the imagination and subjectivity of approach, freedom of thought and expression, and an idealization of nature. It was Schelling who first defined romanticism as ‘liberalism in literature’. Though romanticism officially started by the Lyrical Ballads jointly penned by Wordsworth and Coleridge in 1830, poets like William Blake made cracks to classicism towards the end of the18th century. In Romanticism, a piece of work could become, as Blake described, â€Å"an embodiment of the poet’s imagination and vision. † Many of the writers of the Romantic period were highly influenced by the war between England and France and the French Revolution. In the midst of all these changes, Blake too was inspired to write against these ancient ideas. ‘All Religions Are One’, and ‘There is No Natural Religion’ were composed in hopes of bringing change to the public’s spiritual life. Blake felt that, unlike most people, his spiritual life was varied, free and dramatic. Blake’s poetry features many characteristics of the romantic spirit. The romanticism of Blake consists in the importance he attached to imagination, in his mysticism and symbolism, in his love of liberty, in his humanitarian sympathies, in his idealization of childhood, in the pastoral setting of many of his poems, and in his lyricism. Researchers on the two schools of thought firmly believe that Romanticism is nothing but a reaction against Enlightenment. It is said that romantics depended heavily on the creativity of individuals, and as a consequence, they did not follow any other rule. On the other hand, the enlightenment thinkers followed so many rules regarding life and hence they paid a lot of attention to reason. Finally, it can be said with authority that most fine arts were influenced deeply only during the Romantic period. Painting, music, and poetry were all influenced by the Romantic period. On the other hand, philosophical thinking was influenced by the enlightenment period. These are the main differences between enlightenment and romanticism.

Test For Dishonesty County Court Of Victoria Free Sample

Question: Discuss about the Test for Dishonesty for County Court of Victoria. Answer: Part 1: Brief Facts In this case[1], the appellant was a solicitor who was facing trial in County Court of Victoria on the charges that were based on the conspiracy to defraud the Commonwealth in accordance with sections 86(1)(e) and 86A, Crimes Act, 1914 (Cth). Similarly the appellant also stood trial for a charge of conspiracy to pervert the course of justice. The accused was acquitted of this charge but was convicted on the charge of conspiracy to defraud. The Court of Appeal of the Supreme Court of Victoria dismissed his appeal against conviction. Under the circumstances, the appellant preferred an appeal to the High Court of Australia. The brief facts of this case are that the appellant was retained by Mr. Spong in 1983 for acting in certain transactions that were related with the purchase of five blocks of land in Essendon, Victoria. On October 5, one block of land, that had substantial residences on it, was purchased under the name of Jetoline Pty Ltd. The appellant was a director and also a shareholder of this company. The other director of this company was 'Freeman' which was an alias used by Spong and the appellant was aware of this fact. However it is not clear if the other blocks of land had also been purchased in the name of Jetoline. The issue in this case was not that Spong was dealing in illegal drug trafficking or that he had purchased these properties with the money that was obtained by name as a result of this drug trafficking. Apart from it, it follows that the acquittal of the appellant on the charges of conspiracy to pervert the course of justice it has to be considered that the appellant was ignor ant regarding the source of this money. Although, whole of the money has been provided by Spong for purchasing these properties, the fact had been concealed by executing two sham mortgage documents. One of these documents was a memorandum of mortgage on the block of land on which the residence mentioned above has been erected. This mortgage was in favor of a person who was identified as Rosenberg, which was another alias that was used by Spong. The other document was a mortgage over the rest of the five blocks of land in favor of Dial Financial Services Pty Ltd. In this case the appellant had acted on behalf of purchaser/mortgagor regarding this mortgage and there was another solicitor who had acted on behalf of Dial. In reality, no money was advanced under these two mortgages. In fact the solicitor who was acting for Dial could not register the mortgage to that company and as a result, a caveat was lodged in order to protect its interests. Later on, the blocks of land were sold to genuine buyers, apart from the one on whi ch residence was erected. On settlement, all or a part of the proceeds of the seals were paid to Dial and the company executed the withdrawal of caveat so that the transfer of land in the name of the purchaser can be registered. Later on the money that was paid to Dial was paid back to Spong. In this way, the issue that was present in this trial regarding the charge of conspiracy to defraud the Commonwealth, it was the case of the prosecution that the appellant was a party to an agreement that was concluded for the purpose of concealing the true amount of the income of Spong with the help of sham mortgage transactions and in this way, it was the intention of the appellant and his fellow conspirators to deprive the tax that was payable on this income to the Federal Commissioner of Taxation. In his evidence, the appellant had admitted at some stage that Spong had informed him that no money was advanced by Dial under the mortgage and that the money that was paid to Dial, apparently as a partial discharge of the mortgage, was to be returned to Spong. But in this regard, the case is upon the fact that he was not a party to any agreement that was concluded with a view to conceal the income of Spong with the help of sham mortgage transactions or to deprive the Commissioner of th e text that was payable on such income. Therefore the appellant said that he was only acting as a solicitor for Spong. However in its decision, the High Court had firmly rejected the Ghosh test[2] and claimed that it was incongruous. As a result, since then, the Feely test[3] has been applied to fraud. Therefore in this case, Peters was charged with conspiracy to defraud the Commonwealth and the conviction was appealed on the ground that the jury was wrongly directed by the court regarding dishonesty or the intention to defraud. The Court agreed regarding the meaning of 'defraud', there was a three-way split in the decision regarding the role and meaning of dishonesty in the offense. However the majority was formed by an unusual retraction by Kirby J. He was the only judge who found dishonesty as a separate, essential element that should be present in a conspiracy to defraud. On the other hand, according to the other four judges, dishonesty was an aspect of the elements of this offense. However the split regarding dishonesty was an issue that was left to the jury. In this regard, McHugh J and Gummow J stated that it was for the trial judge to decide if the alleged means that had been used by the accused were dishonest and it was not the task of the jury to define dishonesty to hold what can be described as a conspiracy to defraud or not. As a result, they did not find it necessary to discuss the appropriate test related with the dishonesty. In their joint judgment, Toohey and Gaudron JJ had stated that the cases where the defense of the accused denied dishonest behavior, the jury has to decide the issue of dishonesty and it was aspect of the agreement to use dishonest means and also the intention to place the interests of other party at risk. Whether both of these elements were dishonest, was the question that has to be decided by the jury and the judges formulated a test related with the dishonesty that had been rejected the Ghosh test[4] in some measures but it retains some reference to the ordinary community standards. The ratio and obiter of the decision given in this case can be described as that dishonesty was an essential and separate element in the offense and in his strongly worded judgment, the court argued in favor of an entirely subjective approac h for deciding dishonesty. However for the purposes of majority, he agreed with the judgment of Toohey and Gaudron JJ. Part 2 Research Essay The meaning of dishonesty in Australia: Peters v the Queen (1998) For many years, the criminal law in Australia was dominated by the so-called Ghosh Test. It was difficult to understand the legislative decision of introducing this test, particularly in view of the fact that the test has proved to be difficult if not impossible for the jurists to grasp. The intermediate courts were divided regarding the proper application of this test and its reintroduction may confuse, instead of simplifying the criminal law in Australia. There are very few cases that have attracted so much criticism from judicial and academic circles as was attracted by R v Ghosh.[5] In this case, the English Court of Appeal came up with a new test that can be applied for the purpose of deciding if a person has acted dishonestly or not. This came to be known as the Ghost Test. There are two limbs of this test and both of these links have to be satisfied in order to arrive at the finding of dishonesty. According to the first part of this test, the conduct of the person should be di shonest according to the ordinary standards of honest and reasonable people.[6] Similarly, according to the second controversial limb, it is required that either the person should actually know or realize that his conduct can be considered as dishonest according to the standards. This test was immediately criticized by the followers of criminal law in the UK and since then it has been significantly restricted in its application to criminal cases while application to civil cases has been rejected by the British courts, including the Privy Council. This test has also been repudiated by the Supreme Court of Canada stated that this test cannot be reconciled with basic principles of criminal law dealing with mens rea and similarly the High Court of Australia has also described his tests as incongruous, difficult, distracting and confusing.[7] However despite extensive criticism and rejection, and a somewhat apparent ignorance regarding the test, the Ghosh Test is still obliging in Queens land and is present in the Model Criminal Code, and as a result, it has been adopted by the legislatures of the Commonwealth, South Australia, Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. General Points Regarding Dishonesty: Dishonesty can be described as an explicit or implicit element that is present in several criminal offenses as well as in civil causes of action, both under the common law and statute in Australia and other parts of the world. The term dishonesty or its variations have been used in a large number of statutes and regulations that are prevalent in Australia and in case of England, dishonesty has to be proved in nearly half of all the prosecutions related with indictable offenses. It also needs to be mentioned, that in most of the cases, dishonesty has not been defined specifically, either in whole or part, still it acts as significant determinant of liability. In this way, dishonesty can be described as a characterization of conduct or more exactly the state of mind of the person who is involved in the conduct which connotes fault. Traditionally, dishonesty has been treated as a part of mens rea or the mental element of the criminal offenses. However in the language used in modern criminal courts, despite certain unsupported assertions to the contrary, dishonesty has been described as a fault element. As is the case with the legislators, the courts also generally refused to offer any definition of dishonesty however they are providing competing tests that can be applied for the purpose of deciding if something can be described as dishonest.[8] The origin of these tests can be tracked to the English authorities related with the meaning of dishonesty as mentioned in the Theft Act, 1968 (UK). The Feely Test: the English Court of Appeal explained the requirements of dishonesty as required in the Theft Act in R v Feely. The Court stated in this regard that the word 'dishonestly' is related with the state of mind of the person performing the act amounting to an appropriation. Whether the accused person has a particular state of mind is a question of fact that needs to be decided by the jury. The Court also stated that he did not agree that the judges should define the meaning of the term 'dishonestly'. This term is commonly used when deciding if an appropriation can be reasonably expected to be dishonest, and should apply the present standards of ordinary people. The Jurors also have to decide if particular conduct can be described as dishonest or not. Therefore the court stated that he did not see any reason why the Jurors should need the help of a judge to tell them what can be considered as dishonest, when they are in the jury box. The two main features of this test are that it is a subj ective test, due to the reason that it focuses on the actual state of mind of the accused by the evaluation of the fact that being accused had acted dishonestly depends on the standard of ordinary decent people instead of the standards of the accused or his personal beliefs that he or she was acting dishonestly. This particular aspect of the "Feely Test" remains the previously accepted view regarding fraud. Subsequently, the Feely test has been accepted as correctly stating the law regarding dishonesty on several occasions.[9] Similarly at the same time, there was the emergence of a competing line of authority according to which the test of dishonesty was to consider if the accused personally believed or considered his actions as being dishonest. This test has been described as extreme subjectivism by Williams[10] when it was stated in this regard that subjectivism of this level provides a bad name to subjectivism. The subjective approach to criminal liability, considers the intention of the defendant and the facts as they leave by the defendant to be and not to the system of values of the defendant. Ghosh Test: Therefore in Ghosh, an attempt was made by the Court of Appeal reconciled conflicting authorities. In the beginning, the court approached this task by describing the Feely test as being objective and rejected a purely objective test. In this regard the court gave the following example in order to justify its conclusion. The court cited the example of a person who comes from country where public transport is provided free of cost. On his first day, the person travels on a bus and gets off without paying the fare. The person never had the intention of paying but his mind was clearly honest even if his conduct, if judged objectively on the basis of what he has done, can be described as dishonest. Therefore it appears that by using the word dishonestly, it was not the intention of the Parliament to catch dishonest conduct in that sense or to the conduct to which no moral obloquy can they possibly attached.[11] In this context, it needs to be stated that the Ghost Test has not been universally accepted in Australia. In the beginning, it was accepted in Queensland, Western Australia and South Australia but for most part, it was not approved in New South Wales, Victoria and to a lesser extent in the ACT. For example in Peters v The Queen (1998) 192 CLR 493, the second linb of the Ghosh test was rejected by all the member judges of the High Court of Australia and they approved a test of dishonesty which only reflected the first live off this test, or in other words to see if the conduct of the defendant was dishonest when tested on the standard of ordinary decent people. This also came to be known as the Peters test. In this case, the majority comprising Justice Toohey and Justice Gaudron and Justice Kirby, who technically agreed with them, stated that there is a degree of incongruity in the notion that for the purpose of deciding dishonesty, the current standards of ordinary, honest persons h ave to be used and also the requirement this issue is to be decided by asking the question if the particular act was dishonest according to the standards and if so, if the accused was aware of this fact. This incongruity arises due to the fact that honest and ordinary people decide if the acts of any other person can be considered as dishonest by reference to the knowledge of belief of that person regarding some fact that is relevant to date in question or the intention of that person with which such act was done. They do not consider if the other person can be considered to have realized that the act was dishonest, judged by the standards of the ordinary and honest people. Therefore, for example it is considered as dishonest by ordinary people to assert as true something that is known to be false. And this is done by ordinary persons only because the person who had made the statement was aware of the fact that it was false and not due to the reason that such person should be considered to have realized that it was dishonest by the current standards of ordinary and honest people. In this case, the court also pointed out towards the practical difficulties that are related with the Ghosh test. The court stated that these difficulties arise because in most of the cases, where the issues involve honesty, the real question that has to be decided if the act was done with knowledge or belief in a particular thing or with a particularly intention, not if it is properly characterized as being dishonest. The court also provided a simple example in this regard. Generally, there is no question if the making of a false statement with the intention of depriving another person of his property is dishonest or not. Rather the question that arises in such a case is to see if the statement was made with the knowledge regarding its falsity and with the intention of depriving the other person. Although there can be certain unusual cases where the question can be received the act has been done with the knowledge of some matter or with some particularly intention can be described a s dishonest. It also needs to be mentioned that in case of the test of dishonesty provided in Peters, like in the Feely Test, is still highly subjective as it mainly focuses on the actual state of mind of the accused (like the knowledge, belief or the intention of the accused), although it is not require proof that it was realized by the defendant that his conduct can be considered as dishonest on the basis of ordinary standards. This test is not merely objective and it may even be mentioned as subjective. However ultimately, the objective characterization of the subjective state of mind is involved in this test. It was stated by the majority in Peters that a different test can be applied where dishonesty has been used in a particular sense in the legislation creating an offense, referring to the statutory provisions in Victoria that the city address the meaning of dishonesty. Since then, the test of dishonesty provided in Peters has been reaffirmed by the High Court and the general application o f the test has been confirmed while the second level of Ghosh test has been rejected on several occasions.[12] For example in Macleod v The Queen[13], it was stated by the court that the test of dishonesty provided in Peters can be applied to a State Fraud Offense and it was stated by the majority that adopting the reasoning of the court in Peters, there is no need that the appellant should have realized that acts in question were dishonest when compared on current standards of ordinary decent persons. There will be deleterious consequences if reference is required to subjective criterion of such a nature. The court further stated that it will distract the jurors from applying the test provided in Peters regarding dishonesty and it will limit the flexibility that is inherently present in the Peters direction. Part 3 Reflective piece In order to complete part 2 of the present assignment, the strategy adopted was to look at the cases related with the definition of dishonesty as a part of this offence. The starting point was Peters v The Queen but the decision given in this case provided the guidelines regarding the description of dishonesty. The earlier test that was used for the purpose of determining dishonesty was the Ghosh Test but the court declined to use this test, particularly the second limb of this test. In place of this test, the court came up with a novel test that had been reaffirmed by the High Court in other cases also. In this way, the second part of this assignment considers the circumstances under which it can be said that the defendant had acted with dishonesty. As a result of the test that was provided in this case, certain changes were also introduced in the way in which the courts determined the issue if the conduct of the defendant can be described as dishonest. in this case, the focus was on the real state of mind of the accused and for this purpose, intention, knowledge and belief of the accused is considered although the proof is not required that the defendant was aware of the fact that his or her conduct can be described as dishonest in view of the ordinary standards. Bibliography A Halpin, The Test for Dishonesty [1996] Crim LR 283 DW Elliott, Dishonesty in Theft: A Dispensable Concept [1982] Crim LR 395 at 408 E Griew, Dishonesty: The Objections to Feely and Ghosh [1985] Crim LR 431 at 344 K Campbell, The Test of Dishonesty in R v Ghosh, [1984] Cambridge LJ 349 at 357 Wayne La Fave, Criminal Laws (4th ed, 2003) 939 Williams G, The Standard of Honesty (1983) 133 New LJ 636 at 637 Case Law Macleod v The Queen (2003) 214 CLR 230 R v Ghosh (R v Ghosh [1982] QB 1053 R v Greenstein [1975] 1 WLR 1353 [1] Peters v The Queen (1998) 192 CLR 49 [2] R v Ghosh [1982] QB 1053 [3] R v Feely (1973) QB 530 [4] R v Ghosh [1982] EWCA Crim 2 [5]ibid [6] Wayne La Fave, Criminal Laws (4th ed, 2003) 939 [7] E Griew, Dishonesty: The Objections to Feely and Ghosh [1985] Crim LR 431 at 344 [8] K Campbell, The Test of Dishonesty in R v Ghosh, [1984] Cambridge LJ 349 at 357 [9] R v Greenstein [1975] 1 WLR 1353 [10] Williams G, The Standard of Honesty (1983) 133 New LJ 636 at 637 [11] A Halpin, The Test for Dishonesty [1996] Crim LR 283 [12] DW Elliott, Dishonesty in Theft: A Dispensable Concept [1982] Crim LR 395 at 408 [13] Macleod v The Queen (2003) 214 CLR 230

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings Essay Example For Students

Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings Essay Not only did he note their relationship, he also said that Madison Hemings was their son as any other fact, which I believe from circumstances but do not positively know. xi As a resident at Monticello where Hemings and Jefferson resided, shows that he could have picked up on this information. Historian Winthrop Jordan researched the timings of Sally Hemings pregnancies. Thomas Jefferson had been with Sally nine months before the birth of each of her children. For example, on April 17, 1804, Maria, the daughter of Jefferson, died and both Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings attended her funeral at Monticello. We will write a custom essay on Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now On January 19, 1805, nine months and two days later, Madison Hemings was born. xii The Will of Thomas Jefferson shows the special connection between Hemings and Jefferson. In the codicil to his will, he granted freedom to five slaves, and implies that their wives and children will receive their freedom. Those five slaves were Burwell Colbert, John Hemings, Joe Fossett, Madison Hemings and Eston Hemings. All five slaves were connected to Sally. Colbert was Jeffersons personal valet, and Sallys relative. John Hemings was Sallys younger brother, and Joe Fossett was also Sallys relative. Madison and Eston were the children of Sally. Jefferson not only freed these five slaves who were blood relations of Sally, but he also petitioned the Virginia legislature to allow them to remain in the state. Another significant fact is that while the will refers to Burwell, John and Joe as his servants, he uses the term apprentices when referring to Madison and Eston. Sally was not mentioned in his will, but it is known that there was some special arrangement to grant her freedom, as she was proclaimed free two years after Jeffersons death. xiii In 1998, Eugene Foster, a retired pathologist, performed DNA tests on the descendants of Thomas Jeffersons family and Sally Hemings. The result of the tests was that Jefferson fathered at least one of her children. The DNA examinations showed that the Y-chromosomes of Jefferson and Hemings descendants were distinctively similar. Evidence showed that there was a less than 1% chance that a person chosen at random would share the same set of Y-chromosome mutations that exist in the Jefferson lineage. xiv Lander, a DNA expert at the Whitehead Institute in Boston said: The fact that Eston Hemings descendant has this rare chromosome, together with the historical evidence, seals the case that Jefferson fathered Eston. xv DNA evidence combined with historical evidence, seals the case that Jefferson was sexually involved with Sally Hemings, and produced at least one child from her. As of today, many still ponder the possibility that Thomas Jefferson, the author of the Declaration of Independence, and one of the great champions in history of individual rights, freedoms and liberties, was capable of shacking up with a slave. Jefferson was still a man, and he had desires. However, the relationship between Jefferson and Hemings is known not just to be purely sexual, but to be full of love and compassion. Sally lived at Monticello up until the day Jefferson died, and stood by his deathbed. Those who claim that Jefferson could not have possibly fathered children by his black slaves argue that the man who wrote the famous words, All men are created equal, could not possibly at the same time have been having sex with his black slaves in a shack behind his house. Yet, if Thomas Jefferson really thought that a black man was equal to a white man, he must have believed that a black woman was just as good as a white woman. Jefferson was clearly attracted to women, and was not a man to remain celibate for the remainder of his life because he was a widow. Sally, his dead wifes half-sister, more than likely resembled Martha and therefore, Jefferson was attracted to her. Jefferson never denied the story, even when newspapers and gossip was everywhere about this incident. .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .postImageUrl , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:hover , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:visited , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:active { border:0!important; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:active , .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u027bdfc95d6c87a5d9f32dd1f6be5bcc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Analyse a prose EssayOn the contrary, Sally Hemings stayed right at his side and even in the White House throughout the entire controversy. She never left him, and he never sent her away. If the story that Sally Hemings was actually the concubine of Thomas Jefferson, the President of the United States, at the time, were not true, then why would he not deny it? The answer is obvious. The story must have been true. Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings were romantically involved, and the results of their love were children. i Sloan, Samuel, The Slave Children of Thomas Jefferson (Berkeley, CA: The Orden Press, 1992), 14.ii Ibid. , 49. iii Ibid. , 36. iv Gordon-Reed, Annette, Thomas Jefferson and Sally Hemings: An American Controversy (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1997), 17. v Ibid. , 56. vi Sloan, 67. vii Ibid. , 71. viii Gordon-Reed, 128. ix Ibid. , 131. x Fleming, Thomas, The Man from Monticello: An Intimate Life of Thomas Jefferson (New York, 1969), 81 xi Sloan, 115. xii Ibid. , 124. xiii Ibid. , 145. xiv Thomas, David, Frontline. The History of a Secret. PBS. 1/99. http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shoes/jefferson .

Toyota Motor Corporation Essays

Toyota Motor Corporation Essays Toyota Motor Corporation Paper Toyota Motor Corporation Paper A competitive advantage occurs when organization can offer customers greater value (lower price, additional services and benefit) over competitors in its marketplace (Make 2011). Strategy is a key assisting tool for a firm in any industry to gain the competitive advantages. Business strategy is the long-term purpose and positioning of the organization within its industry (Miser 2014). Today business environment is more complicated and more regulated especially in developed countries than in previous business era. A genuine strategy is always needed when business create a distinctive way ahead, against the influence of the environment by applying whatever core resources and competencies it belongs (Miser 2014). The firm seeks sustainable competitive advantage through these distinctive capabilities. In this severely violent business world, the automobile industry is extremely competitive, with many large organizations trying to influence their competitive advantages to achieve the majority of market share and position (Business Wire Inc. 2013). This paper is to study the US automobile industry for Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) using five forces analysis that was developed by Michael Porter to identify competitive opportunities and attractiveness effectively within market or an industry. The framework for Porters five forces analysis consists of these competitive forces such as the threat of new entrants, the threat of substitutes, the buyer power, the supplier power and rivalry among the competitors (Porter Bibb). These five forces shape the strategy of organizations (Porter Bibb). The automobile industry analysis enables Toyota to understand what forces determine profitability of the automobile industry, what is the current absolute and relative profitability of the industry based on these forces, how these forces re changing and expected to change, and how those changes affect future profitability (Miser 2014). 2. Industry Overview Page 5 The automobile industry is one of the most essential economics sectors and industries. It also represents 3 to 3. 5% of GAP, and creates one in every seventeen jobs in the United States (US). The number of car production in US is almost 2. 7 million and that represents 4. 9% of world production in 2011. The first place of global car production is held by China (24%) and followed by Japan (1 1. 9%) (Worldliest 2014). The US market represents twenty three ere cent of global number of sales of light and passenger vehicles as in term Of 16. 5 million sales units (Euler Hermes Group 2014). The trend of customers demand in a car m anufacturing industry is varied with prices of product or gasoline, per capita disposable income, and advancement of technology in vehicle production (Euler Hermes Group 2014). For example, during past five years, the growth of environmental concerns and dynamic increase of the fuel prices have shifted the preferences of consumers away from fuel- guzzling pickup trucks to more fuel-efficient and smaller cars. As a result, nonusers highly demand more felicitating vehicles. In this century, a company which can innovate and produce more fuel-efficient vehicles than competitors gains competitive advantages and market shares (N com 2013). Apart from that, product innovation can stimulate demand in regard with more fuel-efficient vehicles such as electric models and hybrids than in the past. Nowadays people are more interested to invest on the car that are fuel efficient. Moreover, vehicle prices are tied to materials and equipment costs. For instance, the higher steel and prices raise purchasing costs, and also retail rice. The affordability for consumers is determined by per capita disposable incomes (Gnomon 2013). Increasing income level and incentives makes users more affordable to buy motor vehicles. Besides that, the number of financing companies in automobile industry increases significantly over the last few years. Due to this, the number and range of automobile loans are increased and that make industry demand stronger (Gnomon 2013). Furthermore, , according to Michael Porter (1980), instabilities of economic conditions such as material shortages, labor supply shortages; strikes, and purrs in demand can influence the profitability of almost all businesses in an industry for short-term period. Porter (1 980, p. ) also says: While such factors have tactical significance, the focus of structural analysis is on identifying the stable, underlying characteristics of an industry-its economic and PEP PROBLEM Page 6 technological structure that shapes the arena in which competitive strategy must be set. Whether the success or fail of a competitive strategy, it depends on how a firm relates to its environment. The main aspect of the firms environment is he industry in which it positio ns and operates (Make 2011). The effect of industry structure is eve strong in defining not only the rules of the competitive game but also the strategies potentially available to the organization (Porter 2004). The available potential is not equal for all industries especially in profit potential. Over time, there will be the movement on the structure of industry gradually, and organizations will have unique weaknesses and strengths in dealing with structure (Porter 2004). Therefore, it is crucial for all firms that the strategy analysis must be started through understanding industry Structure (Porter 2004). In today modern society, automobile is one of the most convenient transportation equipment. As a result of globalization, foreign auto dealers are able to enter American market easily, and thus, competition is stronger and stronger in the market. The US automobile industry is mainly dominated by the big three domestic automotive manufacturers such as General Motors, Ford and Daimler Chrysler (Shinny 2012). However, the foreign car manufacturers, Toyota and Honda are the biggest competitors in this industry (Business Wire Inc. 013). Due to the higher oil prices, movement towards green technologies, and the global economy, the more fuel efficiency and technological innovation like Hybrid vehicles are being demanded among consumers (Shinny 2012). This is a great opportunity for Toyota to increase market shares by innovating and producing high technological and more fuel efficient vehicles. 3. Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota Motor Corporation is a Japan-based auto manufacturer which was founded in 1937. The main business engine of Toyota is producing and selling different types of cars and vehicles which suit to different size of households ND corporate uses around the world. Toyota also sells the related parts and accessories to meet the markets needs and wants (Gnomon 2013). The primary market areas of Toyota Motor PEP PROBLEM Page 7 Corporation are Japan, Europe, North America, and Asia. Toyota, Lexus, Hon, and Dadaists are current brand of Toyota Motor Corporation, the leading auto manufacturer, which competes in the automobile industry and also is the eighth largest company in the world (Toyota Bibb). As of March 31, 2014, the annual revenue of Toyota Motor Corporation was 25. 69 trillion yen, an increase of 16. % compared to the last financial year. Operating income before tax increased from 1. 32 trillion yen in 201 3 to 2. 29 trillion yen in 2014 due to the major factors Currency fluctuations of 900 billion yen, marketing activities of 1 80 billion yen, and cost reduction efforts of 290 billion yen. The consolidated vehicle sales increased by 245,369 units from 2013 and the vehicle sales totaled 9, 1 16,033 units in 2014 (Toyota AAA). Industry analysis empowers an organization to develop a competitive strategy that leverages the competitive forces in its favor and best defends against hem (Clark 1 991 Understanding the sources of the competitive forces is essential to develop a competitive strategy (Make 201 1). From this understanding of these competitive forces, the company can emphasis areas where industry trends indicate the greatest significance as either opportunities or threats (Industry analysis and competition: porters five forces 2014). 4. Porters Five Forces on Automobile Industry When the rates of return are higher than the adjusted free market return, it spurs the inflow of capital into an industry either through additional investment by existing competitors or through new entry. Michael Porter (1980, p. L ) stated that the strength of the competitive forces in an industry determines the degree to which this inflow of investment drives the return down to the free market level, hence the ability of firms to sustain above average returns. The state of competition in an industry depends on five basic competitive forces. Porters five forces is a framework that analyses how five key competitive forces affecting the profitability level of an industry and shaping the competitive strategy Of a firm (Porter Bibb). Moreover, these five forces determine the structure of an industry too. The weaker the competitive forces in the industry are the more profitable it is. An industry With high PEP PROBLEM Page 8 buying power and supplying power or few buyer and suppliers but many substitute products, weak barriers for entry and competitors will become aggressive and strongly competitive, and thus, not so attractive because of its low profitability (Gnomon 2013). Evaluating companys competitive position in the industry and identifying the weakness and strengths that maintain and strengthen that position is the major duty of every strategist (Clark 1991). Porters five forces model, the analyzing tool, is very useful to develop the strategy of company in enhancing its long-term profit as it discloses how powerful each of the five forces is in a particular industry (Industry analysis and competition: Porters five forces 2014). This model can provide an analysis of IIS automobile industry competitive nature in details and assist in assessing the strength of competitive and the position of the company in the market. A successful competitive strategy is also a purpose of the attractiveness of the industries in which the firm competes and of the firms elated position in those industries. Porters five forces are the threat of new entrants, the threat of substitutes, the bargaining power of buyers, the bargaining power of suppliers and the rivalry between the existing competitors (Porter Bibb). 4. Threat of new entrants All entry barriers can and do change the conditions of industry. In the auto industry, economies of scale increased extremely with post-war automation and the successful new entry is being stopped due to the vertical integration in the market. Economies of scale are very hard to be achieved by small companies. Company strategic decisions mainly impact on entry barriers if the changes of entry bar riers are beyond a companys control (Grungy 2006). Therefore it is very important for every company in any industry to understand the level of threat for entry. The main factors contributed into a barrier to entry caused are an initial capital investment, switching costs, financial prudence, government policy, unregulated technology matters or the role of buyers and suppliers of the particular industry. The automobile industry is protected by the high barriers of entry to introduce new products. There are very few new players who could successfully venture into the automobile industry because of the large amount of capital investment requirements PEP PROBLEM Page 9 to set up producing facilities and a distribution network. Moreover, the achievements of existing global major competitors from economies of scope and scales cause difficulties for a new entrant in offering competitive price. In auto industry, the brand equity is one of the most significant barriers for new entrants. Due to the issues of reliability, durability and safety are important, consumers made the decision based on the impression of a model on the manufacturers previous performance on these issues (Shinny 2012). Therefore, the reputation and image of the brand is extremely crucial to customers. These are one of the factors makes a new entrant difficulty in competing. In order to overcome this barrier, it takes many years for a new entrant in building a strong enough reputation and image to be competitive. Since Toyota is the well-known Japan car brand, large size, and unshakable market presence in various segments, Toyota gains a competitive advantage over new entrants in the automobile industry (Baggage 2001 In addition, the age sum of capital is required for initial investment. It is very costly and risky to enter a car manufacturing market as the competition between the companies is very intense and the well established companies dominated the market. In US car manufacturing industry, the big three domestic companies (General Motors, Ford and Daimler Chrysler) hold the most Of the market shares. US Government Even if new entrants could achieve the market share with bringing innovative ideas and products to the industry, they may expect to face high retaliation from existing companies. However, some players may have special skills or resources that aid them to overwhelm barriers to enter an industry more easily and cheaply than most other players. As a result of the increasingly global nature of economy and emergence of foreign competitors who belong to the capital, management and marketing skill and technology, there is an increase in the threat to the domestic industry. In the case of Toyota entry to US market, Toyota can use the cost advantage of the Toyota Production System (TAPS) to plunder into US market. The tactic of the TAPS system is less of everything usage: less human effort in the factory, less investment tools, less manufacturing and storage space by using Just-in-time system, and half the engineering hours to develop new products compared to European and American manufacturers (Takeover Petersen 2006). The commitment of Toyota to quality, fuel PEP PROBLEM page 10 efficiency, and low cost made Toyota cars more demand and preferable than German and American cars. As an evidence of increasingly global nature, the table of global car production rates can be seen in Appendix 1 . . 2 Threat of substitutes All firms in an industry are broadly competing against each other by reducing substitute products. Substitute products and services limit the profit potential and attractiveness of an industry with the cap of price level. As the price-performance trade-off offered by substitutes became more attractive, it became more difficult to gain the industry profits. The US industry trend s indicate that a significant part of car demand is taken by the used car market as the consumers still have a confidence with the used car. In order to gain the market share from the used car industry, Toyota has narrowed the price gap between its own automobiles and the used cars with TTS ability of efficient price cutting system. Substitutes often became more active as long as the industries development became more competitive and causes price reduction or performance improvement. The factors contributed in the search of substitutes are switching costs, price, quality, government regulations, tax policies, government grants and subsidies (Monteverdi Tech 1982). Currently, an example, the U. S government is promoting solar heating by granting the research funds and tax incentives. In addition, there are the effect of safety and pollution standards on relative cost and quality of substitutes. A shift towards a knowledge economy and rise of online system reduce the need for a two or more vehicle household. According to the Center Of Automotive research, current the number of cars at 2. 1/ household will be the highest point and it is estimated to drop the level to 2. Peer household or less by 2025 (Shinny 2012). The result of this research also highlighted that the market opportunities of US domestic companies rely on segmenting into market which supplies alternative transport or hybrid vehicles with low cost (shinny 2012). Another risk to become substitutes is an availability of several alternative hypes of transportation such as trains, buses, bicycle, planes or motorcycles available. These _ probative Page 11 substitute transportation almost always cost less and sometime are more environment-friendly but rarely offer the same level of convenience. . 3 Bargaining power of buyers As buyers have an ability to bid down prices, play competitors off against each other, and demand higher quality or more service, buyers are the representatives of a competitive force. The conditions making buyer powerful are a number of characteristics of its market situation and how important its arches is by being viewed as an industrial level. The Lager volume Of purchase relative to sellers sales become, the m ore powerful buyer group will be (Grungy 2006). In the auto industry, most of the buyers are individual and the bargaining power is higher for corporate or governments who usually buy large fleets compared with individual consumers. Moreover, consumers will easily switch to other suppliers if industry products are standardized and undifferentiated, and the switching cost is also reasonable low (Monteverdi The recent trends of automobile industry indicate that the consumers are seeking more fuel-efficient cars as the impact of the rising oil prices. This also results in an increase of hybrid cars demand because it offers cheaper alternatives for operating the vehicle (using battery to run the car if the running speed is under 60 to km) together with higher expectations of product quality (Takeover Petersen 2006). Moreover, since there are plenty of choices for buyers in car industry, the bargaining power of buyer is quite strong and buyers can easily choose other car brands. Buyers can also use alternative types of transportation with low cost. In addition, buyers are price- insensitive and their decision in buying vehicle is impacted by the vehicle cost (Sudsier 2001). However, Toyota implements the cost cutting practices in its production system to offer the price that the buyers expect to pay and to locate its products into a more advantageous position compacted to its competitors. It is proven by the number of Japan brand sales in US auto industry in Appendix. 4. 4 Bargaining power of suppliers page 12 Suppliers can exert a competitive force on an industry because they can raise prices or reduce the quality of the goods they supply. Increasing price can enemies profitability of an industry due to failure to recover cost increases in its own prices. The factors influencing buyer power have inverse effect on the power of suppliers. If supplier market is monopoly or only limited choices available for buyers, there will be considerable influence on prices, terms and quality (Sudsier 2001). The suppliers in the automobile industry have low bargaining power and are likely to be smaller than manufacturers. Therefore, numerous suppliers rely on one or two auto manufacturers to purchase the majority of their products. On the other hand, while the automobile supply equines is fragmented, they supply vital parts for car manufacturing and most of automobile manufacturers rely on the timely operations of supplier and stellar quality (Shinny 2012). Based on this fact, it is very common in signing long-term legally binding contract between supplier and manufacture accompanied by strict quality and standards. If a supplier either does not meet the standard set by the car manufactures or charge the price more than carmakers are willing to pay, auto manufacturer can easily find another supplier and even move its supply chain towards the cheaper supply markets n a different country (Monteverdi Tech 1982). For example, U. S automobile manufacturers outsource some parts of their product to be produced in China where the labor cost is cheaper than U. S. In the case of Toyota, more than ten different companies from U. S supply the goods to Toyota. The quality, cost and delivery of the products are the major qualifications that the company must have to be a Toasts supplier. If suppliers cannot comply with those basic standard set by Toyota, it is difficult for them to survive because losing the big manufacture like Toyota can stop heir whole operation and create financial difficulties as well. Therefore, strong relationship with the suppliers becomes one of the competitive advantages of Toyota. 4. Rivalry between the existing competitors The most of tactics used during rivalry between the existing competitors are price competition, product or service innovation, advertising battles, better customer benefits package, and increased customer services or warranties. Conditions that PEP PROBLEM Page 13 cause rivalry occurs are one or more competitors who see an opportunity to move up position in the market, industry pressure and an opportunity to expand the market share (Porter Bibb). In the automotive industry, the rivalry between existing competitors is very strong. There are a moderate number of competitors in this industry. As a large amount of initial capital investment, a firm would incur huge losses if it would decide to leave the auto industry. Therefore, a firm usually stays in automobile industry for the lifetime or leave the industry if it bankrupts. In the situation that the existing manufacturers will not leave industry easily and new entrants will also come in, it blows up rivalry among competitors in the auto industry. Competition is also fuelled by the changes of markets needs and expectations on quality, cost-efficiency and price. In automobile industry, especially in US, the higher consumer expectations and anticipation for the lower price is, the stronger competitive rivalry becomes (Seventy 2012). Offering high sales discounts by Big Three companies puts an additional pressure on Toasts costs cutting strategies and efficient production. 5. Recommendation Based on the above Porters five forces analysis, the some recommendations for Toyota are as follow: Focus on innovation and technology of fuel-efficient vehicles like Hybrid as true differentiation strategy according to Porters three strategy model. Expand market to rapidly developing countries by introducing products as per markets needs and want. Innovate advance technology for fuel economy, for example, conventional gasoline-fuel engine Improve the value chain to provide the wide range of customer services in order to persuade new consumers and increase brand loyalty. PEP PRIMPED page 14 Move the manufacturing facilities to Asia where Toyota can get cheaper cost for labor and factory expenses. Increase innovation and production of energy saving and environmentalists products. Focus on product quality to maintain brands image Keep on learning and improvement on manufacturing systems for efficiency. Emphasis on Americanism product design, manufacturing and marketing to expand market share in US automobile industry. Enforce compliance (laws and regulations) and actively participate in social contribution activities as a one of the missions of Toyota safety first. Manufacture more running cost-efficient vehicles at a relatively low price to follow the trend of US automobile market. In conclusion, Porters five force model provides a picture of the industry thin larger economic frameworks, especially with regards to the global economy and necessary changes that must occur in manufacturing. It helps organization to develop strategies for profitability by understanding five forces that shape competition. This will also put Toyota and US industry on a smart trajectory towards success. Moreover, Toyota must sustain its competitive advantages in global and US automobile industry such as strong brand, TOM, value chain, fuel-efficient (hybrid) vehicles and wide range of product offering to retain its position and achieve future success.

Anorexia Essays - 9, Startup Cult, Rasony Raion, First Mistake

Anorexia We all know that action is the key to success, and we always try to be the very best. But in a world that will try to knock you down you must have the strength to survive the final round. Growing up today you have to be wise because its hard to tell the truth when its covered by the lies. The world can be cruel and the world can be kind, but you had better step up or you'll be left behind. This is some of a poem that one of my friends from my support group had shared on the first day. But I shouldn't get to far ahead of myself, my name is Ender Olson, and I suffer from a very serious disorder, it is called anorexia. Some may say that anorexia is not that serious, but it changed my life, and many others. It started around when I was 13, I had never really had to worry about my weight, I had a fast digestive system, and I never seemed to gain weight. But when I hit puberty things seemed to change. My body was growing, and I started to put on weight, but this didn't bother me at all, and why should it have. But it started to in the summer of 1996, it was at summer camp, we had swimming, and it was mandatory. But unlike most of the kids I had no problem with this, I was a strong swimmer and enjoyed it allot. I got to my swim class and sat down. It was a very warm day, a day that I would remember for a long time. Well we all sat on the dock listing to them give instructions on what to do and stuff like that. But I was hot, so I took off my shirt, first mistake. The girls sitting across from me stared at me and were whispering to each other, but I had no idea what they were saying. So I did the class but as I got out of the water I was behind the two girls. They were laughing, the first one said "Did you see that guy, he had bigger boobs then you did." So I assumed they were talking about me. The signs all pointed that way, and that was the first time a person ever called me fat, and I was assured to make it my last. I started to work out at camp. Weights at the Fitness area, running the camp road, pull up's, and swimming. It seemed to work, and for that time until the end of the summer I was happy. Then I got home from camp, and I stopped, and the weight piled on again, I could see it. Nobody told me about it because that would just be very rude. But I knew what they were thinking. So I started to work out at the gym. But that wasn't it; I also cut back on food. Suddenly I was spending almost 2 hours everyday after school at the gym, and it seemed to be working. I was thin, but not happy. To make up for all the fat that I thought I still had, I cut out meals, to start I just didn't eat breakfast, no problem. It worked my result's were better then ever, because I didn't eat. So I starved myself more and more, thinking food was what was making me gain all that weight, my day was, Work, Sleep, Drink, Nibble. I started feeling faint, and I couldn't do as many laps, and I couldn't lift as much anymore, but I pushed. Then one day I was doing repetitions of 120 pounds, up, down, up, down, up, down, up, but then all of a sudden the weight became really heavy, and the room dimmed, and then black. I woke up in a room that was white. I thought I was dead, and then I saw my parents come over and look at me crying. For the first time in so long, I didn't care about how I looked, I only cared about being alive, and to be where I was. Of course the weight had hit my chest breaking all

Immigration And The Uk Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Immigration And The Uk Economy - Essay Example The only requirement one must have so that they can enjoy the jobseekers allowance is that one must be living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or the Republic of Ireland for three months immediately before making a claim for Jobseeker’s allowance (Ciupijus, 2011). Considering this, more than 30,000 people from Slovakia, Latvia, Poland, Romania, and Lithuania claim unemployment benefits in the UK, the research revealed. After a person satisfies the test in the UK, then that person can claim Jobseekers Allowance of up to  £ 72.41 ($116) weekly for a single person,  £113.70 for a couple (Hatton & Tani, 2005). The immigrant ends up costing the British taxpayers  £5B a year in tax credits. New figures show almost  £100 million a week is spent on the 415,000 people and cases of unemployed immigrants. Accordingly, there are foreign nationals who work in Britain who are benefitting from the payments a new analysis has revealed. We also have unemployment as anoth er effect of immigration as stipulated above herein. High unemployment rates Most of the immigrants who go to the UK have low skills or professional training while others are skilled (Freeman, 2015). Those that are skilled end up taking jobs of the UK natives who would have taken the jobs but due to lower skills or professional training they were avoided for the jobs. The semi-skilled immigrants are also willing to work at a much lesser pay as compared to their counterparts (Dustmann, Frattini & Preston, 2013).